Karl Amadeus Hartmann (August 2, 1905 – December 5, 1963) was a German composer, widely regarded as one of the most significant German symphonists of the 20th century. Born in Munich, Hartmann was deeply influenced by the socio-political atmosphere of the time, particularly the rise of the Nazi regime. As such, much of his work is marked by a personal and sometimes overtly political response to the tragedies and turmoil of his era.
Despite the oppressive environment in which he lived, Hartmann refused to join the Nazi party or conform to its aesthetics, leading to his self-imposed internal exile within Germany. During this time he continued to compose, drawing influence from a range of composers from the Baroque period up through his contemporaries. His oeuvre includes eight symphonies, string quartets, and various concertos, through which he expressed his vehement opposition to the regime and his profound humanist ideals. These works remained largely unknown until after World War II. With his music, Hartmann created complex textures and emotional depth, often combining traditional forms with modern dissonance. His Symphony No. 7 and "Concerto funebre" are particularly celebrated for their expressive intensity and poignant commentary on the human condition. After the war, he became an important figure in the revival of German music and played a significant role in the cultural reconstruction of his country.
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