Fado is a music genre deeply ingrained in the Portuguese soul, characterized by its mournful tunes and poignant lyrics that often reflect themes of fate, unrequited love, longing, and melancholy, known as "saudade." Its origins date back to the 1820s in the bustling urban nightlife of Lisbon, where it was popularized in taverns and street corners. The traditional fado ensemble includes the melodic sorrow of the Portuguese guitar (guitarra portuguesa), complemented by classical guitars and sometimes other stringed instruments. The singers, or "fadistas," pour their hearts into expressive performances, combining theatricality with vocal intensity to convey the music's emotional depth. Contemporary artists like Mariza and Camane have helped bring fado to international audiences, while honoring its heritage and timeless essence.
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