Qawwali is a devotional music genre originating from the Sufi mystic traditions of the Indian subcontinent, characterized by intense, emotive vocals, complex rhythms, and hypnotic instrumentation. Emerging in the 13th century, qawwali evolved over time, absorbing influences from Persian, Arabic, and local folk music. By the mid-20th century, qawwali had gained widespread popularity, particularly through the iconic performances of legendary vocalists. The genre is defined by its soaring vocal melodies, often sung in Urdu, Punjabi, or Persian, accompanied by the harmonium, tabla, and handclaps. Qawwali's cultural significance lies in its ability to convey spiritual longing and ecstatic devotion, transcending religious boundaries. While sharing similarities with other devotional genres like Sufi rock and ghazal, qawwali's unique blend of classical and folk elements, coupled with its emphasis on improvisation and audience participation, sets it apart. As a bridge between traditional and contemporary music, qawwali continues to captivate audiences worldwide with its raw emotional power and spiritual intensity.
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