Spirituals emerged in the mid-19th century among African-American slaves in the United States, characterized by soulful, a cappella harmonies, syncopated rhythms, and call-and-response patterns. These hauntingly beautiful songs, often rooted in Christian hymns and biblical themes, served as coded messages for escape, resistance, and hope. As spirituals evolved, they incorporated African-American musical traditions, such as blues and gospel, while maintaining a distinctive, emotive quality. The genre's popularity peaked during the Civil Rights Movement, with its powerful, heartfelt sound influencing artists across genres, including gospel, soul, and folk. Spirituals' unique blend of African-American musical heritage, Christian spirituality, and social activism sets it apart from other genres, while its impact can be heard in the works of influential artists who have carried its legacy forward.
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